Acid, Base and Salt || Solved Q/A for S.E.E. - Exam || Part-1

By Pravin Keshari -

ACID, BASE AND SALT

Part-1 

Very short questions and answers for S.E.E. students

Acid, Base and Salt

Questions and answers to practice for S.E.E. examination


1) Define acid. Give any two examples.
Answer: An acid is a substance which gives hydrogen (H⁺)  ion/s when dissolved in water.
        For example, hydrochloric acid (HCl), Nitric acid (HNO3).


2) What are bases? Give any two examples.
Answer: Bases are the substances which gives hydroxyl ions (OH⁻) when dissolved in water.
        For example, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂].


3) Define alkalis. Give two examples.
Answer: Alkalis are water soluble bases. They give hydroxyl ions when dissolved in water. Examples: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH).


4) What is salt? Give two examples.
Answer: Salt is defined as a substance which is formed by partial or complete replacement of hydrogen atom/s by a metal or ammonium radical. Examples: Sodium chloride (NaCl), Magnesium sulphate (MgSO₄).


5) Write any two physical properties of acids.
Answer: The two physical properties of acids are given below:
        (i) Acid possess sour taste. Most of the fruits like amla, orange, lemon, etc. are sour in taste due to the presence of acid.
        (ii) Acids change blue litmus paper into red and methyl orange into red.

6) What is neutralization reaction?
Answer: When an acid reacts with a base, it forms neutral substances (neither acidic nor basic in nature) i.e. salt and water. Such type of chemical reaction is called neutralization reaction. For example, reaction between NaOH and HCl.
        NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O


7) Define normal salt with any two examples.
Answer: The salt formed by the chemical reaction between a strong acid and a strong base or a weak acid and a weak base is called normal salt. For example, Sodium chloride (NaCl), Potassium nitrate (KNO₃).


8) What are strong acids? Give any two examples.
Answer: Strong acids are the acids that produce more concentration of hydrogen ions in aqueous solution. Example, Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄).


9) What are weak acids? Give any two examples.
Answer: Weak acids are the acids that produce a low concentration of hydrogen ions in aqueous solution. Example, Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), Acetic acid (CH₃COOH).


10) Define basic salt with any two examples.
Answer: The salt formed by the partial displacement of hydroxyl group (-OH) of a base by acid radical is called basic salt. Example, Lead hypochloride [Pb(OH)Cl], Zinc hypochloride [Zn(OH)Cl].

Acid, Base and Salt


11) What is the pH value of the substance formed by the chemical reaction between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid?
Answer: The pH value of the substance formed by reacting sodium chloride and hydrochloric acid is 7.
         NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O  (pH of NaCl = 7).


12) What type of salt is formed when strong acid reacts with weak base? Write a molecular formula of any such salt.
Answer: An acidic salt is formed when a string acid reacts with a weak base. The molecular formula of such salt is CuSO₄.


13) What is pH value of neutral substance or water? Write with an example.
Answer: The pH value of neutral substance is 7. For example, distilled water is a neutral substance.


14) Write down any two physical properties of alkalis (base).
Answer: Any two physical properties of alkalis are:
    (i) Alkalis possess a bitter taste and soapy touch.
    (ii) They change red litmus paper into blue, phenolpthalein into pink and methyl orange into yellow.


15) What are organic and inorganic acid? 
Answer: Acids which are obtained from living organisms are called organic acids which are obtained from minerals are called inorganic acids.


16) Which acid is found in human stomach?
Answer: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is found in human stomach.


17) Give two examples of organic acids.
Answer: The two examples of organic acids are:
        (i) Citric acid and
        (ii) Acetic acid


18) Write down a name of alkali which is used to balance the pH of human stomach.
Answer: Magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)₂] is an alkali which is used to balance the pH of human stomach.


19) Name any two bases with their molecular formula.
Answer: Any two bases with their molecular formula are:
        (i) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
        (ii) Calcium oxide (CaO).


20) What is indicator? Give two examples.
Answer: An indicator is a chemical substance which can change its color when kept in acids or bases. For example, litmus paper, methyl orange, phenolpthalein, etc. 


21) What is pH value of the strongest acid, neutral salt and strongest base?
Answer: The pH value of strongest acid is 1, that of neutral salt is 7 and that of the strongest base is 14.


22) Define acidic salt with any two examples.
Answer: The salt formed by the partial displacement of hydrogen atoms of an acid is called acidic salt. For example, Sodium bisulphate (NaHSO₄) and Calcium bicarbonate [Ca(HCO₃)₂].


23) Write two examples of weak acids.
Answer: Two examples of weak acids:
    (i) Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)
    (ii) Acetic acid (CH₃COOH)


      More questions will be given in another blog post.

    ____________________________________________________________________________________


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