Heredity || Solved Q/A to practice for S.E.E. - Exam || Part-1

By Pravin Keshari -

Heredity

Part-1 

Very short questions and answers for S.E.E. students


Questions and answers to practice for S.E.E. examination

1) What is genetics?
Answer: Genetics is the branch of biological science which deals with the nature and behavior of genes.


2) What are genes?
Answer: Genes are tiny units of heredity located in chromosomes. They are arranged in chromosomes in a linear fashion.


3) What is hybrids?
Answer: Hybrids are the organisms produced after cross-fertilization between two genetically different organisms.


4) What do you mean by F₂- generation?
Answer: The generation obtained by crossing two parental stocks of F₁- generation is called F₂- generation or second filial generation.


5) Write scientific name of pea.
Answer: The scientific name of pea plant is Pisum sativum.


6) What is genetic variation?
Answer: Genetic variation is defined as the differences among the members of species.


7) State two functions of genes.
Answer: Any two functions of genes are as follows: 
        (i) Genes are responsible for inheritance of characteristics from one generation to another.
        (ii) They code for proteins to control the phenotype and metabolism.


8) Write two full forms of DNA and RNA.
Answer: The full form of DNA is Deoxy-Ribo Nucleic Acid and that of RNA is Ribo Nucleic Acid.


9) What is phenotype?
Answer: The external appearance of an organism for a contrasting character is called phenotype.


10) Name any two sex linked diseases found only in males.
Answer: Any two sex linked diseases found only in males are:
    (i) Baldness and     (ii) Color blindness.

11) State Mendel's 'Law of Dominance'.
Answer: According to Mendel's experiments, 'Law of Dominance' states that in crossing between pure (homozygous) organisms for contrasting characteristics of a pair, only one characteristic of pair appears in the first filial generation.


12) Write ant two dominant and two recessive characteristics of human beings.
Answer: Free ear-lobes and dimples cheeks are dominant characteristics. Attached ear-lobes and non-dimpled cheeks are recessive characteristics of human beings.


13) What do you mean by F₁- generation?
Answer: The generation obtained by crossing two parental stocks is called F₁- generation. It is also called the first filial generation.


14) What are hereditary characteristics?
Answer: Hereditary characteristics are the characteristics of the parents which are transmitted to their successive generation.


15) Name any two sex linked diseases found only in females.
Answer: The two sex linked diseases found only in females are:
        (i) Breast cancer and         (ii) Uterine cancer


16) What are sex-linked diseases? Give an example.
Answer: The type of disease which are only found in males or females are called sex linked disease. For example, uterine cancer is only occurs in females. 


17) What are 'recessive characteristics'? Give one examples.
Answer: The suppressed characteristics, which remain unexpressed in successive generation, are called recessive characteristics.
    For example, in the cross-pollination between tall pea plant and dwarf pea plant, dwarf pea plant is recessive characteristics.


18) What are 'dominant characteristics'? Give one example.
Answer: The characteristics which are prominent and appear in successive generations are called dominant characteristics.
    For example, in the cross pollination between tall pea plant and dwarf pea plant, tall is dominant characteristics.


19) What is heredity or inheritance?
Answer: Heredity is the phenomenon by which living organisms transmit parental characteristics to their offspring. It is also called inheritance.


20) What is monohybrid cross?
Answer: The cross involving only one pair of contrasting characteristics is called monohybrid cross.


21) State Mendel's second law (i.e. law of segregation or law of purity of gametes).
Answer: Mendel's second law, i.e. law of segregation states that, 'the hybrids obtained in F₁- generation contain two contrasting characteristics of dominant and recessive nature. These characteristics remain together for a long period of time in the hybrid but not mix each other and separate or segregate at the time of gamete formation so that each gamete get only one characteristic, either dominant or recessive.


22) What is variation? 
Answer: The structural differences that provide individuality to each member of a species is called variation.


23) What is continuous variation? Give one example.
Answer: The variation that occurs gradually is called continuous variation. For example, the difference in height.


24) Define mutation or discontinuous variation with examples.
Answer: The variation that occurs suddenly is called discontinuous variation or mutation. For example, a newly born baby without leg, with extra finger on hand, etc.

         More questions will be given in another blog post.

    ____________________________________________________________________________________

For any kind of query in any chapter of S.E.E. science, mail your question/s on 

pravin.keshari.31@gmail.com

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