Basics of Chemistry || Part-01 ||

By Pravin Keshari -

 Basics of Chemistry

Part-01 (First 20 elements)

Before understanding Chemistry, you must understand and learn about first 20 elements of the modern periodic table.

Learning first 20 elements gives you basic idea about chemistry and then you will be able to do more.

Click here for High Quality Picture of Modern Periodic Table

Let us start with first 20 elements.

Basics of Chemistry || Part-01 || List of first 20 elements

List of first 20 elements

Atomic number

Elements

Symbol

No. of electrons

No. of protons

No. of neutrons

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Hydrogen

H

1

1

0

2

Helium

He

2

2

2

3

Lithium

Li

3

3

4

4

Beryllium

Be

4

4

5

5

Boron

B

5

5

6

6

Carbon

C

6

6

6

7

Nitrogen

N

7

7

7

8

Oxygen

O

8

8

8

9

Fluorine

F

9

9

10

10

Neon

Ne

10

10

10

11

Sodium (Natrium)

Na

11

11

12

12

Magnesium

Mg

12

12

12

13

Aluminum

Al

13

13

14

14

Silicon

Si

14

14

14

15

Phosphorous

P

15

15

16

16

Sulphur

S

16

16

16

17

Chlorine

Cl

17

17

18

18

Argon

Ar

18

18

22

19

Potassium (Kalium)

K

19

19

20

20

Calcium

Ca

20

20

20

After you remember these 20 elements you have to understand about number of neutrons. 

Every atoms, except H, Be, N and Ar, follow a trend. Atoms having even number of electrons or protons have same number of neutrons while atoms having odd number of electrons or protons have 1 extra neutron in its nucleus.
For example:

a) Oxygen has 8 electrons, so it has 8 neutrons
b) Sodium has 11 electrons, so it has 11+1 neutrons
c) Magnesium has 12 electrons, so it has 12 neutrons
d) Potassium has 19 electrons, so it has 19+1 neutrons

*Note: This trend is only for first 20 elements.

Now, let us learn about atomic weight of each of 20 elements which we have learnt above.

Formula to calculate atomic weight:

Atomic Weight = Z
No. of protons = p⁺
No. of neutrons = n⁰

Atomic number is the sum of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus. 
So, 
    Z = p⁺ + n⁰

Do not forgot to share it with your friends

S.N.

Elements

No. of p+

No. of n0

Z = p+ + n0

 

 

 

 

 

1

Hydrogen (H)

1

0

1+ 0 = 1

2

Helium (He)

2

2

2 + 2 = 4

3

Lithium (Li)

3

4

3 + 4 = 7

4

Beryllium (Be)

4

5

4 + 5 = 9

5

Boron (B)

5

6

5 + 6 = 11

6

Carbon (C)

6

6

6 + 6 = 12

7

Nitrogen (N)

7

7

7 + 7 = 14

8

Oxygen (O)

8

8

8 + 8 = 16

9

Fluorine (F)

9

10

9 + 10 = 19

10

Neon (Ne)

10

10

10 + 10 = 20

11

Sodium (Na)

11

12

11 + 12 = 23

12

Magnesium (Mg)

12

12

12 + 12 = 24

13

Aluminum (Al)

13

14

13 + 14 = 27

14

Silicon (Si)

14

14

14 + 14 = 28

15

Phosphorous (P)

15

16

15 + 16 = 31

16

Sulphur (S)

16

16

16 + 16 = 32

17

Chlorine (Cl)

17

18

17 + 18 = 35

18

Argon(Ar)

18

22

18 + 22 = 40

19

Potassium (K)

19

20

19 + 20 = 39

20

Calcium (Ca)

20

20

20 + 20 = 40

Is it clear? If yes! do not forgot to share it with your friends.
All the stuffs here are available free of cost.

In the next blog we, will learn about atomic structure of all 20 elements that we have learnt today in this blog.

Wanna more about Chemistry?? Visit to the given links.




Basics of Chemistry || Part-01 ||

___________________________________________________________________________________

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