Nomenclature of Organic Compounds for CTEVT & +2 Chemistry
Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
Organic compounds are generally any chemical compounds that contains Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen as a chief chemical components. They contain covalent bonding in between carbon and hydrogen atoms.
Rules of Naming Organic compounds
1) The longest continuous chain of carbon atom which may or may not be straight is selected as parent chain.
In case, two long chain of equal lengths are possible, the chain with maximum substituent as parent chain.
2) The longest chain is numbered as 1, 2, 3,...... etc. starting from that end which gives the lowest possible number to the substituent.
In case, the parent chain has two or more substituent, numbering must be done in such a way that the sum of the locants (number that locates the position of substituents) on the parent chain is the lowest possible number.
For full PDF of rules of nomenclature, click the Link given below.
Functional group
The functional group is defined as the atom or group of atoms which largely controls all the chemical properties as well as some physical properties of the organic compound.
List of some important functional groups
|
Class of Organic compounds |
Name of F.G. |
Structure of functional group |
|
Alcohol |
Hydroxyl |
-OH |
|
Aldehyde |
Formyl |
-CHO |
|
Ketone |
Carbonyl |
=C=O |
|
Carboxylic
acid |
Carboxyl |
-COOH |
|
Ester |
Carboalkoxyl |
-COOR |
|
Acid
amide |
Amide |
-CONH2 |
|
Acid
Halide |
Halo-formyl |
-COX |
|
Amine |
Amino |
-NH2 |
|
Alkyl
cyanide |
Cyanide |
-CN
or –C ≡ N |
|
Alkylisocyanide |
Iso-cyanide |
-N
|
Click the link below to download full PDF of Nomenclature of Organic Compounds.
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